Annotated Bibliographies
Sports Medicine
Bibliography
(APA Format)
Wilson, B. P., & Freudigman, P. M. (2017). Sports medicine. Magill’s Medical Guide (Online Edition)
Annotation:
Sports medicine is defined as a medical field concerned with the rehabilitation and prevention of athletic injuries that are related to the musculoskeletal system. More and more people are deciding to get involved with rigorous physical activity and putting themselves at risk injury. Because of this, more sports med professionals are needed. Sports med is a broad field that encompasses many professions such as athletic trainers, physical therapists and orthopedic surgeons. Very few injuries are specific to sports, but the rehab process is often different between athletes and non-athletes. Athletes are eager to return to competition, so their treatment may be more intense than that of a non-athlete who may take longer on their recovery. Most athletic injuries affect either bones, ligaments or musculotendinous units and the injuries may be acute or chronic. Some injuries can be treated through routine physical therapy and rehabilitation, but severe injuries may require surgery in addition. Different careers in sports med require different levels of education, and, therefore, salaries differ among the fields. Because the United States is so interested in sports and competition, there will always be a need for sports medicine to act in preventing and treating injuries.
Potential Quotes:
“Therefore, sports medicine is a very broad and diverse field that requires a team approach.”
“These professionals include physical therapists, athletic trainers, dietitians and nutritionists, exercise physiologists, cardiologists, sports psychologists, family practitioners, internists, and orthopedic surgeons.”
“Athletic injuries occur with regularity, though very few injuries are unique to sports. Yet treating an injured athlete does not necessarily require the same process used to treat an injured sedentary person.”
“Sports medicine is a challenging and rewarding profession. It is enjoyable working with patients who have a high level of compliance and motivation. The reward of watching an athlete recover from an injury and compete is exceptional.”
“Sports medicine will continue to grow and will play an important role in preventing many of the injuries that afflict people in the United States.”
“Interest in sports medicine can be pursued in various ways.”
Assessment:
This article is featured in Magill’s Medical Guide (online version). The book has been positively reviewed by many major reference reviewers, and is featured in many high school, college and medical school libraries. The article was written by Bradley Wilson, PhD, and Paul Freudigman, M.D.
Reflection:
This source explains the relevance and educational process of careers in the sports medicine field. The source adds information on the importance, rigor and rewards of sports medicine. I will be able to use examples of injuries that occur in the sports medicine field and how the treatments process is developed and carried out in my paper. These topics can be supported using a variety of quotes from the article.
Stem Cell Therapy
Bibliography:
Zi-Chen, Hao, et al. "Stem Cell Therapy: A Promising Biological Strategy for Tendon-Bone Healing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction." Cell Proliferation, vol. 49, no. 2, Apr. 2016, pp. 154-162. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/cpr.12242. (MLA)
Summary:
Tendon-Bone healing after an Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) surgery can be complex and long. New studies are conducting research on the impact of the use of stem cells during the surgery. Stem cells are being proven to accelerate the healing process and even strengthen the tendon.
Potential Quotes:
"ACL rupture is a common sports injury with a preva- lence estimated to be 1 in 3000 in the United States." Page 154
"The interface between the transplanted tendon and the bone tunnel usually heals with a fibrous scar tissue rather than a natural insertion in a few months, failing to restore the normal joint kine- matics and kinetics (25–30). As a consequence, rehabili- tation programme has to be delayed to protect the fragile tendon–bone interface and the ultimate function of knee joint is often adversely restricted (31–33)." Page 154
"Stem cells therapy has been enjoying popularity and drawing increasing attention in tendon-to-bone healing. This strategy helps to promote the healing process and contributes to a reliable fibrocartilage tendon–bone inter- face." Page 158
"BMSCs are non-hematopoietic stromal cells with multi- potential to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Based on the capacities of proliferating in culture while retaining their growth and multi-lineage potential (71–76), bMSCs have been widely studied for enhancing tendon–bone healing in pre-clinical investiga- tions (51–54)." Page 155
Assessment:
This article is published by a group of doctors from Southeast University in China. The university is a public research university that has close relations with Zhongda Hospital in which this article was published through.
Reflection:
This information provides a specific example on how the medical field has faced innovation that will affect Physical Therapy. Physical therapists are constantly changing their therapy plans due to new advancements and surgeries like this new ACL reconstruction surgery. I will use quotes from this article to back up my claim that Physical therapy is constantly changing as technology and science changes.
Regenerative Medicine
Bibliography:
“Center for Regenerative Medicine - About Regenerative Medicine.” Mayo Clinic, 20 Oct. 2017, www.mayo.edu/research/centers-programs/center-regenerative-medicine/patient-care/about-regenerative-medicine.
Summary:
Regeneration is the process of using specific cells or stem cells to restore and heal diseased and damaged tissues or organs. Stem cells have the ability to differentiate into a variety of cells such as brain or lung cells. Studying embryonic and adult cells has led to many discoveries of the cell's versatility and success with regeneration. These cells are not only able to completely repair previously unrepairable issues, but they can also speed up the healing process and make the injured area stronger than before.
Potential Quotes:
"Regeneration involves delivering specific types of cells or cell products to diseased tissues or organs, where they will ultimately restore tissue and organ function." This quote can help explain to my audience what regeneration exactly is. "Stem cells have the ability to develop — through a process called differentiation — into many different types of cells, such as skin cells, brain cells, lung cells and so on." This quote helps to explain how stem cells are versatile and able to treat many different health issues. "Regenerative medicine holds the promise of definitive, affordable health care solutions that heal the body from within." This quote explains the reasons why regeneration is gaining popularity over surgeries and expensive treatments.
Assessments:
The article I am using comes from the website www.mayo.edu. The website is educational and popular for its accuracy and validity. The article was found under the research tab on the website which provides supporting evidence for all of the researched topics.
Reflection:
This article directly relates to my essential question because it addresses what Stem Cells are and why they are being considered for research. While it doesn't go into much detail about the sports medicine side of things, the article gives background knowledge on Regeneration. I can use this article as a stepping stone into the main portion of my presentation.